Hydropower generates electricity by harnessing the energy of moving water, typically through dams or river flows. The main steps are as follows:
Water Storage
Building a Dam: Water from a river is stored in a dam, creating a higher water level that can be controlled.
Reservoir Management: The dam stores water for electricity generation when needed.
Water Flow
Opening the Gates: When electricity is required, the dam gates are opened, allowing water to flow through a pipe called a penstock.
Flow Control: The flow is regulated to match the desired energy output.
Turbine Movement
Directing Water to the Generator: The high-pressure water from the penstock flows toward a turbine.
Turbine Rotation: The force of the water causes the turbine to spin, which is connected to a generator.
Electricity Generation
Generator Operation: The spinning turbine powers the generator to produce electricity.
Electromagnetic Induction: The generator uses electromagnetic induction, where the turbine's rotation creates an electric current by moving a coil within a magnetic field.
Power Transmission
Feeding the Grid: The generated electricity is transmitted to the power grid for distribution to homes and businesses.
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